How Race Was Invented
The history of the intentional creation of race & racism by human beings.
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00:00 Intro
08:36 Part 1: The Invention of Blackness
36:52 Part 2: The Invention of Whiteness
52:07 Addendum: Spanish American Whiteness
57:41 Part 3: Conclusions
Sources:
[1] https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/opth-2016-0059/html
[2] https://www.jstor.org/stable/2953315
[3] Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World, David Brion Davis.
[4] https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17442222.2016.1219083
[5] The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America, Andrés Reséndez.
[6] Genealogical Fictions: Limpieza de Sangre, Religion, and Gender in Colonial Mexico, María Elena Martínez.
[7] The Emancipation of America, Jaime E. Rodriguez.
[8] https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3928764
[9] Racism: A Short History, George M. Fredrickson.
[10] Imagining Identity in New Spain, Race, Lineage, and the Colonial Body in Portraiture and Casta Paintings, Magali M. Carrera.
[11] Bartolome de las Casas: A Radical Humanitarian in the Age of the Great Encounter, Ignacio de la Rasilla.
[12] https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00639.x
[13] The Black Blood of New Spain, Maria Elena Martinez.
[14] https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5309/willmaryquar.70.3.0429
[15] An Early Edict on Slavery in English America: The Barbados Resolution of 1636 and the Island’s Slave Laws, Jerome S. Handler.
[16] Everyday Life in the Early English Caribbean, Jenny Shaw.
[17] The Ultimate Sin: Christianising Slaves in Barbados in the Seventeenth Century, Katharine Gerbner.
[18] Christian Slavery, Katharine Gerbner.
[19] Black Movements in America, Cedric J. Robinson.
[20] https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=110636
[21] Histories of Race and Racism, Laura Gotkowitz.
[22] Purchasing Whiteness, Ann Twinam.
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