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In this bonus episode of the Time Team podcast, Helen Geake chats at length to osteo-archaeologist Jackie McKinley. Jackie brought us exciting news from cutting edge DNA analysis of bones found at a double Anglo-Saxon burial at Cherington. A girl and boy were found in the same grave; the boy was buried with a sword whilst the girl had a small metal work box.

The DNA results, revealed first on the Time Team podcast, show the two children were brother and sister. It's news which could change the way archaeologists think about Anglo-Saxon burials.

Jackie and Helen chat further about this exciting discovery, including some of the questions raised by Time Team members on Patreon.

Comments

Kenten Brown

will this be us with the cops find out

Janet Hay

A fascinating discussion. Thank you both. ❤️

Dennis D Kerkman

Can the whole genome tell us about their tribe or clan or their ancestral origin?

steve

Just look at the vast amount of material from the new nuclear power station site. It probably would not have been done on such a scale.

Thomas Tompkins

Very interesting. From the DNA sequence, can we find the “nearest” living relative alive today? Would this cause ethical problems?

Michael Huffaker

DNA testing is more commonplace today and I was wondering what is the cost of a DNA analysis like what was done?

Brian Fisher

Speaking of travelling by sea or river we have the word "arrive" from old French "ariver" from Latin "ad ripa" meaning "to the shore" In places like Canada rivers always preceded roads.

Mary Lu

Thank you, this was an excellent topic. The DNA adds a whole new and exciting dimension.

Cheryl

Thank you for this extra podcast. Thanks for having Jackie answer my questions. The work being done with DNA and what can be done in the future is mind boggling. Now I am going to try to find out what the experts at Harvard are coming up with!

David Boon

The DNA that establishes close relationships is called autosomal DNA. We get this in a set of chromosomes from each parent and the relationship would have been determined by both the amount of DNA they shared and that they had it from the same parents. This in turn was inherited from 4 grandparents and so on. Because each generation removed has a lower contributing amount, we can't guarantee we share DNA back beyond about 5th or 6th cousins. It can't connect anyone living to those ancient burials. Y-DNA if taken from the boy could quite easily connect him to living males who share a common male ancestor who lived prior to the boy. Similarly both the boy and girl got mitochondrial DNA from their mother. That can connect modern people to an unknown female ancestor who was also an ancestor of the brother and sister. My Y-DNA connects me to DNA which originated in an ancestor who came to Britain after the last ice-age and connects to ancient samples across Britain and Ireland. My mitochondrial DNA connects to Viking origins with ancient samples across Scandinavia. It is likely it came to me via Viking migration to the Lake District.

David Boon

The Y-DNA of the boy if tested could identify what is called his haplogroup. Experts study the branching and spreading of that from earlier haplogroups and spread to later ones down to the modern day. It may give an indication of which broader wave of migration led to him being in Britain. Mine for example connects me to the migration of hunter-gatherers after the last ice-age and through to 5-6000 year old remains tested across Britain and later. I share a common male ancestors with males buried at New Grange. It therefore can tell about ancestral origin but the fact my hunter-gatherer ancestry survived 10,000 of history and is found in later cultural groups shows that clans can have mixed origins. Near Primrose Grange in Ireland a father is buried with a group of hunter-gatherer burials. His son a few kilometres away was buried along with some of the early farmers. Their grave goods confirmed their cultural identity. The girl and boy could give similar information from mitochondrial DNA inherited from their mother. Mine, for example has Viking origins.