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June 1437

By the time the road bent north and Bursa showed on the hillside, Yakub Bey’s right thumb was raw from the reins, and the men behind him rode in broken files. Above the mulberry gardens, the wall of the Hisar caught the late light; lower down, the domes of the Ulu Cami sat in smoke. They smelled the city before they reached the gate: horse dung, dye vats, and boiled silk.

Turgut came up on his right. “No rider,” he said. “We should have seen one an hour ago.” He wiped his nose on the back of his glove. “If the Janissaries hold the gate and the boy is kept behind doors, do we get to him at all? And Halil—”

Yakub kept his eyes on the road. By the last milestone he had expected a chamberlain to meet them. If Halil still lived, someone would already have come out beyond the mulberry groves with questions, orders, and a place marked out for the men. “The agha has served the house for years,” he said. He shifted in the saddle where the leather bit at his thigh. “Halil did the same, and it does not help him now.”

Turgut glanced toward the hill. Behind them a cart wheel shrieked where one of the baggage carts struck a rut. “If they keep you from the Sultan, I’ll know what to think,” he said.

Yakub raised a hand and signaled the column to close up. “You will know after I have seen the place myself,” he said. “And if Halil were alive, we would have been met outside the walls.”

At the lower road he halted the files and sent the baggage and the wounded toward a strip of ground beyond the orchards, where a stream ran down from the hill, shallow but clean enough if the horses were watered by turn. He gave the rest of the orders quickly: no drums, no shouting, no fires until full dark. When Turgut asked whether the whole force should come inside, Yakub shook his head.

“The city has enough mouths,” he said. “We go up with twenty men and no more.”

If the court meant to keep him waiting, it would have Yakub Bey in its hands, not the last few hundred men he had brought out of Ankara. He watched the carts begin to spread along the bank, then turned his horse uphill toward the fortress road.

The climb to the Bey Sarayı took him through lanes where silk was reeled in open workshops and women threw wash-water into the gutter. A mule train loaded with dyed thread pressed to the wall to let him pass. Janissaries stood at two turnings below the fortress gate, their coats dusty, match cords tucked up against the breeze. Their officer saluted without warmth and sent a boy ahead through the gate.

Inside the Hisar the ground leveled. The palace lay in low buildings and covered walks over older stone. One chamberlain took Yakub’s sword. Another asked his name, though the whole gate knew it already. A third offered sherbet and did not return.

He was shown into an outer room with blue tiles along the lower wall. Servants crossed the doorway with trays, papers, folded cloth, and a basin of water gone grey at the rim. His Majesty was at prayer. His Majesty would receive him later. Someone would come presently. No one said when. Yakub sat once, then stood again and watched the inner door, where an older Janissary held his place without shifting. The boy was somewhere behind it, and no closer for that.

The Janissary agha came soon after. He embraced Yakub with one arm, then held him back long enough to look over the dust on his sleeves.

“You came in thin,” the agha said.

“We all did.” Yakub glanced at the door through which the agha had come. “I was told the Sultan is at prayer.”

“He is,” the agha said. “He is young, and every man here wants to pull him a different way. Sit.”

The agha sent the servants out, shut the lattice himself, and poured the forgotten sherbet from the sweating jug on the tray. His hand shook once as he set down the cup. Yakub noticed it, and the hollows under the man’s eyes, and left his own cup untouched beside the lamp.

“Your loyalty stands as it did under Murad?” the agha asked.

“We stood with Murad. We stand with his son.”

A knock came at once, two quick taps and a pause. The agha opened the door a hand’s breadth, took a folded strip of paper from the chamberlain outside, and read it without comment. Then he said, “His Majesty asks what news you bring from Ankara.”

Yakub looked at the paper in his hand, then past him into the dark of the inner passage. “Tell His Majesty that Ankara is lost,” he said. 

The agha folded the strip smaller and set it under the lamp base. His face did not change, but he let out a slow breath. “Speak it plain.”

“They came in strength. Fifteen thousand at least, twenty if the later counts were right. Karaman men, Türkmen, Amasyans, many carts behind them, and horse enough to sweep the ground ahead of them. I was too weak to hold them out and too short on fodder to wait for a siege.” Yakub took the cup and drank. “Another week and they would have cut the road behind me. No relief was coming. I brought out the men who could still fight.”

The agha nodded once. “You did well to save them.”

Yakub rubbed two fingers over the cup rim, gritty where old glaze had chipped away. “There was talk in the villages that they might press for Kutahya after Ankara. I do not know if that was fear talking or scouts ahead of them, but I heard it more than once.”

The agha set down his cup too hard and spilled sherbet onto his fingers. He wiped them on his sleeve without looking down. “That cursed dog Ibrahim,” he said. “We needed Ankara one month more.”

For a moment the agha’s face tightened, as if he might say something more. Instead he turned and called through the door for fresh maps of the eastern roads. When he sat again, he said, “How far behind them were you when you broke off?”

“Close enough to hear their mules at night if the wind lay right.”

The agha nodded and moved at once to numbers, roads, and grain: how many men Yakub had brought back, which bridges on the Ankara road still stood, whether the Amasya horse rode with their own baggage or off Karaman carts, whether their mounts were worn enough to slow them after a week. Yakub answered in counts and distances, and the agha took it all in without interrupting.

Only when that was done did Yakub lay his hand on the table. “Now tell me how Halil died.”

The agha looked at  the court outside. “My charge, when the city broke, was the Sultan,” he said. “When the Romans forced Petrion and word came from Blachernae, I took the boy through the inner court and down toward the Marmara. I had Janissaries on the passage, boats waiting under the wall, and men running where they should have held.”

“Who was with Halil?”

“He would not leave.”

“Who was with him?”

The agha reached for the cup and did not drink. “Men from the palace. Men from the reserve. I did not stop to count names while the Romans where inside the city.”

Yakub said nothing.

The agha was tired, and Yakub believed him about the boy. But he had named gates, passages, boats, and the road to the water. On Halil he named no one.

A second knock came. The chamberlain handed in another strip and withdrew. The agha read it and left the paper open in his hand. “His Majesty asks how many fit men remain with you.”

“Just over eight hundred under my own eye,” Yakub said. “More stragglers may still come in.”

Without looking up, the agha said, “There is another trouble. Orhan’s name has been heard near Mylasa. We have it from two coast traders and a judge’s clerk who came north by sea. He is said to be gathering men there.”

“Rumor?” Yakub asked.

“If it were only tavern breath, I would not waste the hour on it.”

That told Yakub more than the loss of Ankara had. He had expected fear, perhaps anger, perhaps a lie to cover Halil’s death. Instead the agha was trying to answer Ankara, Orhan, Halil, and the Sultan at once, and none of it joined cleanly.

“How many have you here?” Yakub asked.

The agha met his eyes. “Less than fifteen thousand fit for the field. More will come if the western sanjaks still answer their letters.” He folded the strip once between his fingers. “If the rest arrive in time, I go first against Orhan, before he gathers more men. But if Ibrahim moves on Kutahya, I must turn to him first. That is the order of it.”

Yakub bowed his head once. When he rose, the agha rose with him and embraced him again, more briefly than before. Outside the shutter a muezzin had begun the call, and the voice drifted up the hill thin through the evening air.

“Keep your men close tonight,” the agha said. “I will send for you when the Sultan receives.”

Yakub gave the proper answer and left with the taste of  sherbet still on his tongue.

When he came back down to camp, dark had settled under the mulberries. Fires burned low behind carts and saddles. A groom was rubbing down a lame horse with straw, and farther off a man coughed twice and spat into the grass. Turgut was waiting by a cloth spread over two chests, with a bowl of lentils gone cold and a lamp set low.

-Yakub ate standing, three mouthfuls and no more. The lentils had skinned over and tasted of smoke. Turgut watched him, then said, "Well?"

"Halil's death stinks." Yakub set the bowl down. "The agha would not name who was with him."

"And the boy?"

"Behind a door. I was kept from him with prayer and chamberlains."

Turgut waited.

"Less than fifteen thousand fit to march," Yakub said. "And in the southwest Orhan's name is being spoken near Mylasa. The agha calls it rumor, but not the kind he can laugh at."

His second spat into the dust while Yakub watched the groom work the straw in circles over the horse's flank.

"Then we are under the walls of a desperate court," Turgut said. "On the losing side."

"I know where we are."

Yakub straightened. His thighs had stiffened from the ride and from sitting too long in the palace room. "I do not abandon the House of Murad."-

Then he reached for the clerk’s board and began to give orders. Turgut took the first list and went at once to the horse lines with the lamp, while the clerk knelt in the dirt, cut a reed pen, and set the wax by the coals. Down by the stream, under the dark mulberry branches, the first tent pegs were already coming out of the ground.

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Comments

Leywen

Things ain't looking good for the Ottomans. They look to be collapsing if their levies don't answer the call and a lot of good men are gone already it seems

Sir Baka

Mhm, they’ve been dealt a series of absolutely devastating losses and appear to be in an extremely weak position right now. The boy sultan is still a boy, there’s rebellions flaring up, and yeahhhh, I won’t be surprised if the civil war completely collapsed the ottomans at this point.

Imnebel

Thanks for the chapter. So, we get to see who it was that ordered the death of Halil. The Janissary agha seems to have taken the reins for now and he is a competent general, but I am not sure about his ability to compel the native Turkish nobility. As a Janissary, he is unlikely to have the network with the Turkish families that could command them to support Ali, and he will have to entirely rely on his military prowess and Ali's bloodline. Still, he does command a substantial force that is enough to at least fend off either threat one at a time. (And only if each victory is clean and not heavy in terms of casualties.) Since, Ali has 15,000 troops, I am assuming that the army consists of the Janissaries corps, the garrison from Gallipoli, and the troops who were already gathering in Bursa to cross over. It is absolutely critical for the Janissary agha to win a battle soon against either the Karamanids or Orhan. Without a victory after a string of terrible defeats, the nobility will not send more troops to join the sultan. (Although if Ibrahim and the Karamanids did chase after the Yakub and his garrison, they are overextending a lot. There is a good chance that Ali can attempt to ambush the Karamanid contingent who would be strung out as they pursued their opponent.) I am surprised that Orhan was able to garner enough loyal supporters. He was out off contact with the Ottoman nobility for a long time. I do not think he was married by this time period although I do know that he had four kids in history by 1453. Outside of supporters of his father, only other way he can really gain followers is to have married into an ambitious Ottoman noble family looking to usurp Ali's position. Based on the current state of things, I do not rate his chances unless he comes to some agreement with Ibrahim and the Karamanids. Ali's army is still going to be larger for now. (Unless Constantine actually supported Orhan by providing him with some funds and arms. Some extra muskets would be enough to at least create an infantry core that he can then rely on.) This last point about Orhan being of age to marry into a prominent Ottoman noble family actually will become relevant. Ali is young and the way the Janissary agha is restricting access to him means that any marriage alliance with Sultan Ali will be worth less in some ways. After all, the entire point of marrying a daughter to the Sultan or claimant is to then get the Vizier position. The Janissary agha is going to stand in the way to any potential father-in-law's influence.

Imnebel

I think its more a case of the nobility looking to back the winner at the end. If Ali is able to win a decisive victory against either Orhan or the Karamanids, the levies will be released to him with some excuses on the delays.

Confused

.... Hmmm so Halli's death from the Ottomans point of view is suspicious to put it mildly if not out right ordered by this older Janissary. No doubt done to control the young Sultan which isn't too surprising honestly. Beyond that Ottoman land is falling into infighting and the wolves are circling made worse by the fact that currently they can only call upon 15K troops if needed. A far cry from just a few years ago. All the while the likes of Orhan and others are gathering forces to contest the throne or to strike out and form there own nations. And all this doesnt yet account for what's just across the straits! Constantinople stands watching and building more strength for when they decide to strike across and enter into Anatolia once more. Well way I see it if the Janissary's don't win a battle soon then the current Sultan and his faction won't last long. But at the same time they have to be careful and avoid heavy casualties because they need some kind of army for when Rome comes again to fight them. Really they've been getting into a progressively worse position as time goes on. Literally at this point stuck between a rock and a hard place and with a noose slowly tightening around there neck. I wonder how long it'll be until Ottomans start deciding to jump ship and look for amnesty from Constantine to survive? My bet would be when he marches a new army into Anatolia is when Ottoman lords and administrators start selling out the Ottoman Empire for there own survival.

Imnebel

Well, I am not sure if the Ottomans would turn to Constantine for help unless they accept Orhan as their head. Sultan Ali is heavily relying on religious messaging to keep legitimacy over his throne. Something that negotiating with Constantine would seriously jeopardize.

Confused

I should be clear I'm not talking about Ali or his faction talking to Constantine I'm talking about lesser ottoman lords and administrators betraying Ali and going to Constantine for clemency by providing whatever they can be it information, troops, etc. No I think Ali can't afford to talk to Constantine because of his position, for Orhan I can easily see Constantine providing Orhan gold or mercenaries to keep in the fight after all the longer Ali has to fight Orhan the weaker they are for when Constantine attacks.

Andrew Pribble

I’m stupid, did the last passage imply Yakut was turning to go support Orhan, or is he melting into the forest to wait this out, or some other thing? From wha to read he is still supporting the house of Murad, but leaving? To me that reads as he’s going to Orhan, to pledge his men.

Imnebel

Well that interpretation only makes sense if you mean Murad I. Orhan would be Murad I's descendant through Bayezid (his great grandfather). However, that is probably not what he means as the Janissary agha also uses the phrase 'House of Murad'. Besides, if he wanted to claim loyalty to Orhan, it would have been more symbolic to state that he was loyal to the line of Osman. Ali is the only descendant alive in the Murad II's line after Halil had Mehmed killed as a child. You are correct that it does appear like he is leaving with his men. He could be moving into the city. Only other explanation is the he is planning to offer his loyalty to one of Murad's daughter's families to wait out the civil war.

Hugo23

Well the Janissaries are still newly made, most of them would have marched with Murad for decades at this point. I'm not surprised to see the loyal garrison commanders, they have enough iron to stand firm. The Amaysa ride with the Karamids? That... that's interesting, especially considering the place they held in OTL Ottoman history. For all of them and the turkmen to be heading in, I do wonder if they thrust in farther. Too big of a threat but without enough information to act, and too many voices to direct the storm. Orhan is the internal threat, the biggest one for a questionable death for the man who held the strings. Still tent pegs already coming up, that means even if the commanders stay, not all their men are. I don't know if the Karamids have the internal unity to maintain a three way alliance, not with how exposed they are to the Mamlukes, Aq Qoyunlu and presumably the casualties they took from the last fight are what made them come back for revenge. Orhan however... It could just be noise (Lets not forget Fruzhin made himself seem larger and took advantage of Iskander's movement to seize one town) but there's been a lot of losses lately. Mylasa, that's near Ephesus, the chaos gives Markos a chance and if the war turns towards the Karamids, perhaps a Ottoman despot reigns under the Roman Eagle.

Mineseikea

Don’t care for orhan, I just want Constantine to conquer the full extent of the Eastern Roman Empire and make it fully christian.

Imnebel

Unless Constantine plans to forcibly convert people, that is a tall ask. As I posted previously, the size of the Christian Greek population fell rapidly in the last century until they were at best only ~24% of the Anatolian population. Simply reconquering the region is not going to result in sudden change in religion of the local population. The Greek population that Constantine would look to incorporate would be mostly along the coast with two clusters, one close to Trebizond and one near Ephesus. (Technically there were some long lasting Greek villages near Konya, but they only survived due to the sheer isolation of those villages. It would be hard for Constantine to make the effort to try to conquer that region as outside of those villages, that region's population had been Turkish for a long time.)

Mineseikea

He will not be able to restore the ERE if the people is not christian in most part. However defeat upon defeat and defeat again, with rome doing a comeback that would make him be seen as Alexander the Great come again, doing a holy war to retake byzantine land and being technically superior. Idk I think the faith in many a turk and further down later muslims can probably get quite a few to convert. In worst case, kill them all and import christians from Europe.

Imnebel

Well, sending arms and money to Orhan is probably worth the cost for Constantine in terms of keeping the Turkish civil war running for some time. Orhan's closeness to Ephesus is probably by design. It would be the only way to keep contact with Constantine in case he needs to petition him for help. Karamanids were strengthening in this period, but they were primarily able to fund themselves through their relationship with the Mameluke Sultanate. As such, I expect that their success would mean that Anatolia would fall under Mameluke influence. The Mamelukes supported Ibrahim's brother initially in the Karamanid succession crisis, but then after he succeeded to the throne, Ibrahim turned his back to the Ottomans who had supported him and cozied up with the Mamelukes.

Theman

Do as romans did and settle cossacks or circassian and other christia nomads in central anatolia and displacs the turks who raid and assimilated the greeks. A reverse jizya would be effective. Public schools to educate?

Hugo23

Ephesus hasn't been in Orthodox hands since 1304, a century at Nicea. three to four generations of residents. That simply is not possible at this point, and not with the Ieros Skopos message. Holy purpose of our rulers where our faith resides, what happens when a Muslim says that in a Mosque that has stood for three centuries? Historically the Roman Empire had religious tolerance, if the schism can be faced why can a follower of Islam not attend a council? Constantine demanded a count of priests and bishops in Anatolia, of churches. What happens when he reaches Antalya? Not to mention the question of the Union, what happens if these councils happen and the answer is "irreconcilable differences, brothers of god or heretics to hate? TBD". Nicea is one of the questions and it lies mostly in ruin, with Iznik atop it. Constantine can barely cover the ground he does have. I don't see him borrowing that many problems, not when the Mamlukes exist because he would need to fight them and the khanate that can call on numbers we can't dream to match.

Imnebel

I agree with this. I am not sure why people seem to think that Constantine is going to bloodthirstily kill thousands of people and then try to repopulate the territory. Loss of most of the old Eastern Roman Empire territory is written into the demographics at this point for centuries. Not only is that impractical, it would be something that he personally would consider immoral.

Mineseikea

If the heathens can convert it so can Constantine reconvert it. Besides Ancient Rome might have been religiously tolerant, the Byzantine empire with one god that has been in decline and seen its way of live been erased by Muslim invaders. You must be delusional if you think the Greeks would just as if reconquered territory with a Muslim majority will be allowed to remain that way. Besides that, Muslims would never allow themselves to be under a Christian ruler and Constantine will have no choice but force convert them or get rid of them long term. Otherwise a restored ERE will be impossible.

Andrew Pribble

I most agree, although with the realpolitik of the era I could see small population transfers to rationalize the borders of a portion of western Anatolia as Greek, leaving the interior to the Muslims as a ‘friendly’ nation of buffer to the nastier states to the East. In no way do I see him depopulating Anatolia at large lol, and even I dont see him welcoming a large number of Muslim subjects with open arms, given the hurdles of integrating them with powerful and interventionist rulers of their faith within easy reach to the east.

Imnebel

I agree with Andrew that Constantine will roughly return to the borders during the time of Komnenos dynasty with the coast of Anatolia including substantial inroads around Ephesus and near Trebizond under Greek rule. The center of Anatolia will probably be under some form of Turkish rule. (Although considering how much weaker they are now, the region is likely to consist of puppet rulers influenced by Byzantines, the Persians, and Mamelukes.)

Jnguyen

Could Constantine hire Sforza to go to Anatolia with an army to help Orhen?

Jnguyen

Could the daughters of Murad II make a play for the Ottoman throne? Either in their own rights or by their husbands claiming the throne via marriage.

Confused

Unlikely Sforza has interest's in Italy keeping him there and is starting to become a thorn in the Pope's side something Constantine can benefit from.

Jnguyen

Is Sultan Ali still alive? We only have the agha's word that Ali still lives, could Ali have died and the agha is covering it up? Also why isn't the agha named? Is this a practice of the time (to only refer to the agha by his title not his name), or is this some form of discrimination (especially if the agha is a Christian slave)?

Jnguyen

Who, if anyone, would benefit from the Ottomans continuing to exist? Would the Mamluks benefit from a strong Ottoman buffer between them and a resurgent Greece? Could an Italian city state (Venice, Genoa, or other) help them to distract Constantine? Could France or another Christian kingdom aid the Ottomans in order to weaken/distract the Papacy?

Imnebel

Well they were married to other beys in the region and one to a relation of the Ibrahim of the Karamanids. However, the nature of inheritance through the maternal line in Islam does make it difficult for the husbands to directly claim the throne unless both Ali and Orhan are dead.

Imnebel

I think that scheme would collapse quickly. Ali is probably alive but under essentially house arrest of sorts. The agha is controlling the sultan at this point as he is the only surviving advisor left. Note that there is a degree of desperation in this as the Janissaries were all foreign slaves. Essentially they are outsiders in the Turkish court, and keeping tight control over the Sultan is their only guarantee of saftey. I think the reason why sersor did not give a name is that its difficult to find the names of the aghas before 1500s. I tried looking online and the earliest I can find is 1515.

Imnebel

The Karamanids were supported by the Mamelukes to act as a buffer state between them and the Ottomans. Similar relationships had existed with the Timurids and the Bey in Sivas. Fundamentally the Ottomans were only one of the many Turkic sultanates in Anatolia after the breakup of the Seljuk Turks. They only became powerful due to their ability to unite the other Turkic sultanates and then invade into Europe. In the current state with the Ottoman power waning, the Ottomans will simply return back to being a local Turkic sultanate. (If Orhan wins the civil war, then they are likely to be Constantine's proxy state in the region.)

ByzFan

Well there is plenty of Greek blood still around. Even if a lot of it in Anatolia now follows Mohammed. Converting them took generations. Converting them back will likely take generations too.

TyrantGod

Imagine if both Ali and Orhan were to die. It would be end of house of Osman. The infighting would further fracture Anatolia. I think the current arc will have Constantine concentrate on internal development and handling Euro factions.

de la Fouchardiere

Has it even been stated that he wants to remake the ERE ? For me he wants to birth a modern state, a nation, not remake a large empire

pls don't ban me

the best way to do so without much bloodshed, would be to do the reverse game: you wanna stay in the islam group chat? sure, pay the bonus taxes. you make a christian version of the Jizya. people will slowly say: why should i pay more taxes when i can be richer by changing sides. maybe not first generation or second but by third many would consider this.

Imnebel

@de la Fouchardiere I think the thrust of Ieros Skopos is the promise that every Orthodox Greek will return back to the fold of the empire. This does mean that to some extent the borders of the old ERE from the Komnenos period have to be reestablished as the demographic region that Ieros Skopos covers the Greek islands under Latin control and the coasts of Anatolia. I think trying to go about establishing complex tax rules based on religion goes against Constantine's long term aims. He wants to draw in the best minds from around the region and sacrificing the pull of the meritocratic institutions he is building by putting up barriers to convert some villages in central Anatolia does not seem like its worth the effort. In the end, the simple societal pressures probably will be sufficient to push for conversion to Orthodox Church for any citizen of the Empire.

fosfato

Not even one janissary would like to defect and return to Greece to reunite with their family and original faith?

Imnebel

I think its a case of their families being relatively difficult to find and loss of prestige and power. A janissary returning back to the empire and reconverting to Orthodox Church is going to find himself undergoing retraining in the barracks while trying to locate a village and trying to find out if their family members are still alive. He would have to give up the cushy position in the Ottoman system for a good amount of uncertainty. Well, the Ottomans recruited from not just Greece and the Balkans, but also from the Caucuses and Tartar regions. The majority would have been from Greek, Albanian, and Bulgarian regions. Nevertheless the mix of regions does create certain pressures that make it difficult for single janissary to defect as their plans would be reported by their fellow soldiers.

Imnebel

TBH, I think loss of the house of Osman would simply make the Karamanids the top Turkic power in Anatolia. Considering that Constantine does not have any relationship or correspondence with them, I do not think he would want that outcome. Having the Turkic sultanates divided and constantly feuding serves him better.

Ben Robbins

I would imagine some have, but have not necessarily been mentioned.

Imnebel

I think the ones still in the schools probably would be the first to try to return back. They have the strongest memories of home and would not have spent time being steeped in the propaganda. The other group that is most likely to return are people like Skanderbeg who were children of prominent noble or merchant families who were enrolled into the devsirme system as hostages.

Andrew Pribble

What serves the ERE best? Before I would unequivocally say prolonged and vicious boodshed between the claimants is the best, , but the Karamanids being resurgent may change things. As the field grows to encompass more than the feud between the two powers, the calculus of just how solvent/powerful the Ottomans should optimally be changes, and there are other ways Ottoman strength (while still being weaker than the ERE) can serve the ERE, the same way Ottoman weakness serves them. Interesting to me is if Orhan gets some serious steam, would you cut off money and formal support in an attempt to keep both claimants fighting and weakening each other? How beholden would Orhan even be to the ERE if he did succeed? Not saying he would attack, but is the value of a united and recovering Ottoman group in denying peace to the Karamanids worth the end of the civil war? All way too early to tell, and could be a nothingburger, but these are interesting counterfactuals. I would be pissed if I was Constantine and you put all this work in to undermine the Ottomans, and then you do your job too well, and they are in no position to stop the Karamanids from gobbling up their position in western Anatolia, and you have traded one bad neighbor for another. And this one hasn’t been spanked half a dozen times to teach them some humility before the double headed eagle. The road forks: 1. Divided Ottomans, less threat to you, less useful as buffer and counter to other nasties in the East. 2. Unified Ottomans, stronger threat to you, more likely to counter and weaken other Turkic interests.

Zimojovic

Buddy, i will sound critical but you lapr little too much

Miskatonic

Unfortunately you can't be too happy about turmoil in Anatolia. It means pain and suffering for the many Greeks still present there.

Imnebel

I think Constantine wants to avoid bordering Persia and the Mamelukes. Part of the problem of having an empire on either side of the straits is that it is a complicated operation in moving the bulk of the army across the straits whenever a major threat arises on one side. Persia (Safavids will soon gain power and aggressively start to raid everyone on the borders) and Mamelukes are going to be constant thorns if they border the empire. Both opponents proved adept in history in raiding type campaigns and sudden rapid invasions with heavy cavalry armies. (The Safavids in particular combined the mobility of mounted troops with gunpowder by introducing camel artillery.) The Ottomans by comparison are much more infantry focused and they already caused Constantine problems in the last campaign due to their mobility. Its better to have a buffer state that can give the Byzantines time to start to deploy their army to one side of the straits. As such, I think that having divided Ottomans where Constantine has a proxy Turkic sultan that he nominally supports is more useful to him.

GolfADIS22

I will say that the ERE will need at least 2-5 years to prepare an invasion in Anatolia and build the empier up so it will show the strenght of the new rise of the ERE. The most anvantageous situasion for the ERE will be a three-way fight between the two ottoman claiments and the karemanids, this will have same positives for the ERE like having weaker enemies to fitgh went the will campiang in to Anatolia but this will make the christian (Greek) population be in elot of DANGER. To say with certainty he will need alot of time to rebuild the stregth of the empire and to secur a heir bucase even with zoe being his first-born she will never take the throne du to her gender and be alweys behaned the clames of the two sons of thomas in the eyes of the nobles of the empier. we don't need forget that a ruler without a male heir is samething that will be seen as a weakens too kings and emperors in the west.

GolfADIS22

I belive that the ERE is silent for Eastern Roman Empire

ByzFan

I expect some do. Probably just leaving when they get the chance instead of defecting. But like others mention many will be emotionally and socially trapped. There's good reasons that system lasted as long as it did.

TyrantGod

Will Constantine meet Cosimo de Medici ? Can you show some other aspects of medieval life instead of just admin related work like new forms of entertainment, introducing new sports, plays and art? Just showing kingdom building related stuff feels redundant after a while Also any update on his ex and the thief?

Imnebel

He met with the Medicis in Book 1 and established a book printing deal with them. They also helped fund some of the expansion of the presses in Glarenitza if I recall correctly. This is why in the last chapter, some of the printed books in the chest were meant for Cosimo de Medici. I support TyrantGod's suggestion of showing some elements of entertainment. Music, plays, and artwork that have sprung up after recent events. New Byzantine artists, I presume, will be introducing artwork designed for presses due to the inspiration from the propaganda posters. So, things like artistic print block images on paper showing up on corners of Glarenitza's walls when Constantine gets back. Perhaps, he and his wife attend a play (perhaps a revival of the classical play with modern twist considering the recent attempt to rescue old texts) while entertaining guests. And so on. There will also have to be at some point discussion on the memorials and churches he plans to build to commemorate the dead from the campaigns against the Ottomans. So, there will be opportunity for unique Byzantine art styles like mosaics and classical style architecture fused with elements brought in from Ottoman and Italian cultures. I believe that the ex and thief escaped into Italy with the money from the treasury and have not been heard from again. I think they are probably keeping their heads down, especially as Constantine put out an alert to his agents to hunt them down.

Imnebel

While the bit about the empress being considered a weakness among the Western monarchs is true, the Byzantines were more accepting of women rulers stepping in (at least until a male heir came of age). Even while the emperor was alive, it was not uncommon for strong empresses to hold their own courts and participate in some ceremonial roles.

Liam McKevitt

Was the child that would become fatih sultan mehmed ever even born in this timeline i wonder, and is he still alive, or was he killed on the ascension of his brother to the throne

Imnebel

Constantine got news sometime at the beginning of Book 3 that Mehmed died under mysterious circumstances sometime after the death of Murad II. It was implied that Halil had him killed to prevent a succession crisis.

Hugo23

True, that region historically was the center of Greek colonists throughout the ancient period. See, I'm not sure how the Karamanids will fare without the Sultanate, we do have to remember they are Circassian and at their epogee. Barsbay just instituted the monopoly that led to their decline economically. With their new sultan on the throne next year he will have to bribe his way out of a revolt. Taking most of the available cash and the Karamanid main support. The Turkmen and Amaysans are throwing me for a loop, but I have to assume that they leave when supply leaves. I would guess it comes down to outside actors interfering, everyone has the oomph to land another blow, but no one wants to be open to a different enemy coming in. In Anatolia, it is usually whoever can put their back to a wall, and both sides have one now. The Agha assumes (mostly rightly) that the Romans aren't going to be storming across the strait anytime soon, he can turn his back. The Karamanids know even if the Sultanate turns inwards (as it did OTL) they can safely turn their back that way. Someone is going to get a step up, I just don't think the Karamanids have the political oomph to keep the alliance that let them move going. Not with so many other players able to make moves.

Andrew Pribble

Of course I agree a divided Ottomans to his east is the most perfect situation. I guess I would assert that it is irrelevant because it’s not a stable end-state of affairs. It will either fail into a resolved civil war and an Ottoman Empire that will lick its wounds, and can keep the Karamanids at bay, or fail into the field being swept by the Karamanids, and now the east has a hungry Turkic power, no? He would have to pick his poison. He may not get exactly what he wants, and now he just gets to pick which direction it fails in. Regardless, totally agree it doesn’t serve him to overrun too far and pick up ornery subjects and strong neighbors. Buffer states (preferably favorably disposed) are helping in the West, they will be just as useful in the east if they come about. Now that I think about it, an endebted Orhan who is inclined to look favorably at the ERE to the East is by far the best possible outcome. I’m over complicating things.

GolfADIS22

I don't say that the nobles of the ERE we rebel on her ( but it is a possibility) but the weat will try to take titles form her. Don't forget that Charlemagne took the title of empiror of the romans because the ERE have an empress on that time, and don't forget that Thomas sons are 2-4 older than Zoe.

TyrantGod

Hey will MC introduce sports like football, basketball, rugby, baseball etc? Maybe restart the Olympics? If not now maybe in future Also maybe early introduction of some of modern music, new painting styles, concepts of novels etc. introduction of new styles and philosophies to rival renaissance which is primarily associated with Italy.

EMPIRE REWRITTEN

Yeah, definitely. We’ll be seeing a lot more of that going forward. Constantine’s empire is basically at the start of its own Renaissance, so over time that will touch everything: sports, art, music, literature, philosophy, all of it. Some things will come sooner, some later, but that broader cultural shift is very much part of where the story is heading.

TyrantGod

For music, instead of Vienna Greece can become a music capital. Early rise of classical music. Any chance of Constantine recruiting or adopting Da Vinci at early age. He would be a huge asset to his successor.