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This entry in the Letters from a Dev series is adapted from a letter about doing research on words and terms you want to use in a game manuscript. I have sent variations on this same letter to numerous freelancers as part of their feedback, as it has come up surprisingly often.

(As an aside, it has come up so often I have considered making it part of a “packet” of advice I send to all freelancers I contract. The reasons I haven’t yet is twofold. First, while it comes up “often,” in the grand scheme of things that’s less than 1-in-10 assignments. Second, the more stuff I ask ALL freelancers to read, the more burden I am putting on then and the more likely it is they’ll skip some of it. Since 90% of the time freelancers don’t need this advice, it hasn’t ever actually made the cut for me to consider it crucial to ask everyone to read every time they work for me. So, instead, it goes here where people can check it out if they want to, and I can easily point to it if needed.)

Also, I want to say that when I refer to "bad words" in the title, I don't mean morally repugnant words. I mean bad word choices, often for reasons we don't realize, which is the entire point of this letter.

So, here’s the letter, taken from one specific example.

“On another matter, I want to recommend you get in the habit of doing an internet search every time you create a new word, or borrow a word from another language (even just archaic versions of existing languages) to use in your manuscript.

It turns out, a surprising percentage of the time “new” words are identical to existing words that have meanings and context very different from what we want be associated with the concept we are trying to name. Sometimes, we even run into trademarked terms that were created in various industries using the same sources of inspiration that lead to our “new” words.

Another risk is finding a term in a specific context and not checking to see if it has a broader or more common meaning that is very, very different. To wit, I see you used the term “Kanchō” as a classification of ninja spy. And, sure enough, if I go looking for “types of ninja” or similar online searches, the Kanchō-as-spy turns up fairly often.

However:

If I just do a search for the term “Kanchō,” by FAR the more common meaning is a highly inappropriate form of “goosing” common as an East Asian children’s ‘prank.’ And then, after that meaning, it’s used as the medical term for an enema in Japan. Neither of those conveys the implications we want for a ninja spy, and sources that use the word for a kind of ninja don’t generally warn of its more common meanings.

Also, I recommend you keep a “clean” browser for such searches, by which I mean one that hasn’t been tied to your search history and involves an algorithm trying to give you the results you most want to see. Sometimes Google is too good at guessing that I am doing research for game content, and skews its results towards those sources, rather than give me the most common meanings and context.

So in my experience, it’s best practices to carry out a search for any term or word you think up, or borrow from other languages or dialects. I have also come to consider this a form of due diligence when working outside my home dialect and experience, even if I think the terms I am using are new and fictional.”

Comments

David Chart

This is difficult for real-world things, though. There is an ethnic group in the Congo called the Baka. "Baka" is the Japanese word for idiot. So, do you write about them and call them what they are called, or erase them from fiction? Japanese just makes this difficult. For example, "seikō" means both "success" and "sexuality", but with different kanji (成功 and 性向). "Success" is more common. (It can also mean "sex".) "Mito Kōmon" is a famous historical figure, the central character of a long-running drama series in which he wanders around Edo-period Japan righting injustices by showing people his medicine box, but "kōmon" is also the Japanese for "anus". If you don't distinguish long and short vowels in your transcription, then "komon", which is the standard Japanese for "adviser", also looks like "anus". So, if ninja spies were actually called "kanchō", then I think you should call them that. Collisions with other words in Japanese are all-but inevitable, and not a problem. If you are making up words in a language that you don't speak — you shouldn't be. That will go horribly wrong. ("No, that's not a word, but it looks like it means "group of perverts".)

Owen K.C. Stephens

If I was writing about the actual Baka ethnic group, I'd use that name and be clear abut what i was doing. However, game writing often is build on other games, rather than historical records. It's totally unclear to me if anyone actually referred to a type of ninja in the real world as kanchō -- just that at one point it was a popular term for English-language writers to use when referring to that type of ninja. So I wouldn't use the term. But the core point is to research terms you use. (Real and imagined.) What you do with the information is up to the writer and developer, but those decisions can't be made if you don't know the potential pitfalls. And, yes, I agree, don't make up words in languages you aren't a master of. I wish that lesson was learned 20+ years ago, but it largely wasn't.