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Helloooo! I'm in Chicago for a few days and interviewing an expert in the field of appearance, body image, social psychology and how beauty standards effect all genders. 

For reference: "Kalology is the study of beauty, and the ways in which beauty influences society. This study is focused primarily on human attractiveness, rather than the broader field of aesthetics, and was popularized during the 19th century, when philosophers attempted to codify beauty and create a uniform system for evaluating it."

What questions would you like to hear answered? 

This. Will. Be. Good. 

Comments

Sarah Preston

When did hair removal for women first become a “thing”?

Sophia Garbos

Can we talk about large foreheads/high hairlines? Thanks.

Aeriel Belk

What drives societal beauty standards to change so drastically? For example, how "we" used to find people with a heavier shape attractive, and now its just very skinny people. Is it just influencers or is there something inherent about this societal evolution?

Justin

Is phi or “The Golden Ratio” still used in measuring beauty standard? Or is that a thing of the past?

Jack Kelleher

When did we become so shallow that external beauty became more important than intelligence and internal beauty?

Heather Hutchison

why are the bathing standards (or lack thereof) of some Europeans so different from ours?

Rolando jacuinde

Does it bother you how ass-backward the standards are here in the US vs other countries?

Julie

Why do humans focus so much on appearances? Is it mostly due to evolutionary/mating instincts? Or does society's expectations play a larger role? Or is it more 50/50 (like nature vs nuture)?

Greg

How much does cultural/racial bias affect attractiveness? What does science say about why people find certain facial features attractive? Why do "unattractive" features sometimes elicit strong emotional responses?

Alyssa Sievers

Is there a universal face shape or features that are biologically considered attractive?

Anna Thompson

Is there any truth to tidbit that we like our appearance differently in photos vs mirrors? I heard a while back that you aren't used to how you appear in photos because you are always used to seeing yourself in a mirror with your features flipped from what it is in a photo.

Mikey

What is the extent of psychological damage when comparing your beauty to another's? How can one stop comparing oneself in that way?

Anna Marie

Why is it soooo much easier to recognize the beauty in others vs ourselves?

Brooke Shearin

Personally, what do you think is the most outrageous practice you have seen throughout history to promote beauty?

Katie Trivilino

What are some beauty standards from other cultures that ours might find unique and unusual? Also, I've noticed from watching some teen flicks from the 2000s (i.e. Mean Girls, John Tucker Must Die) that they have absurdly flat tummies and slim waists. I have also met a select few people in real life with those same features. Why/ how is is that certain people CAN attain those standards, while others can't? Also, is there even a healthy way to attain said standards? This is what I personally struggle with when it comes to beauty standards, because I know that it CAN be done, it's just not common or necessarily healthy.

Matthew

We've seen videos where someone tells a stranger that they're beautiful, and it makes them smile. But the other thing that happens is that the person reacting suddenly becomes more beautiful to me, the viewer. What is it about seeing a person's vulnerability and acceptance that makes us react that way?

Justin So

How does standard of beauty change over time?

Brittany Bell

LOVE THIS! It takes me back to my undergrad days in my psychology of women course. What do you find to be some of the biggest factors within various cultures that drive the beauty standards?

Katy Mehl

Is Oscar from The Office on to something? What is koinophilia and how does it affect how we determine beauty or attractiveness? Does it or does it mean someone is “hot”???

Krista Meyer

In a society that seems to value the western standard of attractiveness above all else (see any cover of a "People's Sexiest Human Alive"), how do the more unique beauties (like Uma Thurman and Benedict Cumberbatch) still manage to rise forth and conquer our underpants?

Casey Handmer

How successful WERE 19th century philosophers in codifying beauty?

Levi like the jeans

I’d love to hear their opinion on the recent surge of “the dad bod”

Caroline Gifford

How and why do some people develop an inflated sense of beauty? (Trump is coming to mind)

Radha Vakharia

Can you talk about body modification in realtion to beauty standards? For example, foot binding or waist training or neck elongation. Why are people willing to endure such pain for what they consider beauty?

Rachel von Morrigan

Was there ever a time men were held to a higher standard of beauty than women? If so, when did this change and when can we change it back?

Olaf Doschke

EVERYTIME I see before/after treatments of anyone by a make-up artist the result is surely beautiful, so EVERYONE just needs a personal make-up artist. On the other side EVERYTIME I think while the treated person likes the result, it doesn't fit. It's awkward, it's not her/him. It'll not work as a permanent type change. Isn't it enough we know we can brush up for the rare occasions it's a sign of respect and dedication and just know every other day we could, but don't need to go through that procedures? I love beauty, I love what you can get out of a person, how you can set highlights, and I have seen a very moving documentation where such a treatment was given to cancer patients for once feeling normal again. How can we get back to normal? Could we just limit time and money spent on this aspect of life? Don't care what others say? Ok, that's much more rhetorical than real questions, but perhaps ask: What effect did laws have about medical certificates models have to have (eg in France)?

Brooke Danielle

Given that standard of beauty vary across cultures, what do all or most cultures have in common in what they perceive as beautiful?

Jerry Davis

How much of attractiveness is altered by a persons personality? I remember I had one friend who before I knew her, I didn’t find it all attractive but after we became friends I found her absolutely beautiful.

Hereiskarl

Why are zits and blackheads so...scandalous?

Hannah Silverman

Why is fat-shaming so widespread? Is it really about "health" or is it about "attractiveness"? How is the fat-acceptance movement different than other body positive movements?

Taylor Mathis

Why do we think high heels make women look better?

Natalie

I'm interested in the attitude of many Western cultures towards hair on women. Long hair and lashes are desired, while hair anywhere else is seen as "disgusting" - why is this the case? Are there any cultures that see hairy women as beautiful?

Tyler Q

How did the pink/blue colour standard come about?

iolanthe

Why were big butts seen as bad and now they're attractive?

Danny Kang

The “Golden ratio” is just a myth right?

Danny Kang

Also, if foot binding can be considered attractive/erotic, can it be said anything can be the “hot” thing someday?

Zoe Elewitz

In some areas, curvy women are/were coveted and considered very attractive. Whereas other areas thin women are found to be considered more attractive. How is it that different cultures/areas have different definition or opinions on beauty. How has this changed throughout history. How have we gotten to where we are today??? So many questions! Thanks :)

Zoe Elewitz

Has gender reassignment surgery influenced today's cultures view of what is beautiful?

Reuben Clamzo

I've seen images of the average of multiple faces and understand that people find them vaguely attractive. Is the same true for whole bodies?

Allison Bray

Which do you think has changed more over time, standards of beauty for men or for women?

Sam K.

As far as facial standards of beauty, it seems like symmetry is often considered a higher standard than uniqueness. That said, I notice and have encountered discussions about the facial structures of most models in high fashion - which tend to be very distinct (high foreheads, prominent cheekbones, eyes spaced far apart). Is this shift based in something culture-related?

Jen Durbin

Why is there so much disconnect between what's beautiful and what's healthy? Like foot wrapping in China and neck lengthening, making heads corn-shaped by the mayans, and being 5'11" and 100lbs?

Ana Bestvater-Norton

As a trans woman, I struggle with beauty standards all the time, and constantly fight between seeking conventional beauty and acceptance of my body. Do you see the body acceptance movement having an impact on what is considered conventionally beautiful? (She asks hopefully)...

Christopher Barley

Given your best estimate, how much easier is life (getting a high paying job, a loving partner, etc.) being beautiful by today's standards? I.e. is life generally twice as easy if you are beautiful or are we looking at something like 10x as easy?

Melissa Kibler

Are there any beauty standards that come from what a health body should look like?

Emma Fiori

I love this! I am so so so excited to hear what she has to say! A couple questions: are there any trends or standards that have stayed relatively constant temporally or spatially? And, what do you consider some of the most currently "ugly" beauty standards of years past?

Liz

Do eyebrows have a purpose other than causing frustration when the trend alternates between pencil thin and bushy bold?

Eze Pojmann-Ezeonyilo

How do beauty standards differ between queer and straight communities? Do gay men have different beauty expectations for men than straight women?

Danielle Dankenbring

When was the turning point for such a focus on beauty? And how about the role of early advertising of it?

Kira Lichtenfeld

Does Narcissism play into Kalology? Is it an exploitation? Or is it completely unrelated all together?

K3ndyl

I've been shocked at some recent research about how beauty standards affect hiring and promotions professionally. There are of course biases around general attractiveness and body type, but I've also been reading that simply forgoing makeup and fancy hair can really effect professional life (for primarily women UGH OF COURSE). Can you speak to this phenomenon?

Matisse Larocque

Is there a thing such as psychological beauty standards? Has it been considered?

Becca Bee

Any science behind my dysmorphia? I see my freckle mustache and my expanding body and I feel terrible. But the people around me and the numbers on the scale don't seem to see what I do. Why? What's up with my brain?

Sasha Chihak

How have beauty standards changed within cultural or geographical regions especially in with the growth of social media in that specific region? I'm always fascinated by the strange body modifications which are portrayed in works of fiction ( think cat lady in the Hunger Games). Aside from humanity realizing the technology to accomplish this, do you think that we may be heading in that direction?