Lady Murasaki's The Tale of Genji - Lecture on Chapters I-XII (Patreon)
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'What karmic bond could have brought me to this life-threatening pass? This incident will be the stuff of scandalous gossip about me for all eternity...'
Today we are discussing the beginning of Lady Murasaki's sublime saga. We are meeting her characters together, wrangling with the profound themes of love, longing, and loss, and immersing ourselves in the vivid world of The Tale of Genji.
We're discussing what life was like for the women of Heian Japan, psychological complexity in the world's first novel, searching for the perfect woman, existential crisis, fatal jealousy, the sorrow of exile, karmic retribution, scandalous gossip, and much more.
Timestamps:
0:00 welcome to the world of Genji
2:00 what was life like for the first readers?
4:00 the women of Japan’s imperial court
6:00 Buddhism’s three ages of Dharma
10:00 the opening of The Tale of Genji
11:00 Kiristubo Consort vs Lady Kokiden
13:00 Bai Juyi’s Song of Everlasting Sorrow
15:00 beginning the work on a melancholy key
16:00 trauma during Genji’s formative years
17:00 the tragedy of losing the one you love
19:00 spring of youth trapped in a world of death
20:00 the Emperor makes Genji a ‘commoner’
21:00 meeting the character of Fujitsubo
22:00 Japanese subtlety in matters of love
23:00 the Shining Prince’s Oedipus complex
24:00 importance of choosing the right translation
25:00 characters of Lady Aoi and Tō no Chūjo
26:00 the psychological complexity of Genji
27:00 directional and defilement taboos
28:00 the psychology of the Don Juan type
29:00 Sei Shōnagon’s The Pillow Books
30:00 why don’t characters use their real names?
31:00 womanising as questing for self-love
32:00 femininity and the language of flowers
33:00 rainy night ‘perfect woman’ conversation
35:00 the men’s three classifications of women
36:00 Genji’s search for the rare wild flower
37:00 Lady Murasaki on what men want
39:00 what motivates male infidelity?
40:00 existential crisis in The Tale of Genji
42:00 understanding the novel in visual terms
44:00 Genji’s encounter with Utsusemi
46:00 how courtship is like a game of Go
48:00 when Genji falls in love with Yūgao
49:00 the dangerous jealousy of Lady Rokujo
50:00 Lady Murasaki’s psychological realism
51:00 ‘stuff of scandalous gossip for all eternity’
53:00 the self-awareness of Hikaru Genji
55:00 death of loved ones is a death of self
56:00 meeting the characters of Murasaki
58:00 wishing to renounce this meaningless world
59:00 ‘how hurtful it is to be ignored…’
1:00:00 when Genji gets Fujitsubo pregnant
1:01:00 the hot dramatic mess of Heian life
1:02:00 yearning to go back to the same person
1:04:00 ‘my feelings and motives are not shallow’
1:05:00 ‘tell me again which plant is it I’m related to’
1:06:00 Genji’s dalliance with Princess Hatachi
1:08:00 superficiality and thwarted romantic ideals
1:09:00 Lady Aoi grows jealous of Murasaki
1:10:00 Fujitsubo gives birth to Genji’s son
1:12:00 patterns of jealousy, possession, death
1:14:00 regret, reflection, and realisation
1:15:00 life, love, and death intertwined
1:17:00 Genji and Murasaki’s relationship
1:19:00 the knives are out for the Shining Prince
1:20:00 when Genji needs to go into exile
1:22:00 bad fortune as karmic retribution
1:24:00 on past lives as reality in this existence
1:25:00 the great sorrow of Genji’s exile
1:27:00 reading assignment for our next discussion
1:30:00 your thoughts on The Tale of Genji?
Resources to Explore:
Music Appreciation: The world of Genji is filled with the sound of koto music. If you'd like to get a feel for the atmosphere this stringed instrument created, listen to this album: Masterpieces of the Japanese Koto.
The Game of Go: Enjoying the pastimes of the characters is a strong way to live the great books. As we're reading a work considered to be the world's first novel, you might wish to learn about one of the world's oldest board game. This TEDx Talk sees Go as an ancient guide to modern life, and this video gives a great rundown of the rules. And this is the board I'm using at the moment.
The Pillow Book: For a fascinating glimpse into Heian court life, I highly recommend checking out the writing of Lady Murasaki's contemporary and rival Sei Shōnagon. 'The Pillow Book' is a captivating collection of lists, poetic musings, gossip, and observations that will really elevate your appreciation of the sociocultural climate of Genji.
Allusion Appreciation: The influence of Bai Juyi's 'The Song of Everlasting Sorrow' is tangible throughout Lady Murasaki's work. For a wonderful breakdown of this narrative poem, check out this video. We can see another influence upon the saga in the form of 'The Tales of Ise', a collection of narrative waka that would make for a beautiful and accessible complement to your reading of Genji.
Abridged Readers: For those dipping into the world of Genji in the abridged version, this edition stops at chapter seventeen. You may want to dive into the full version from chapter eighteen onwards once you come to the end of the abridged volume. My recommendation continues to be the Washburn version, which is available on Kindle here. Thank you so much to readers who have found and recommend this Norton paperback version of the Washburn. For audiobook lovers, the Washburn is the translation narrated here.
Upcoming Lectures: We have an exciting season of reading in the book club. Our discussions for Genji will continue on alternating weeks, so for those staying in line with the lectures, that's a fortnight to read the assigned chapters. As outlined at the end of the lecture, this weekend coming we will be discussing Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra; the weekend after that we will be back to Lady Murasaki's masterpiece; then the week following that, we will meet Michel de Montaigne together, another writer who knew much about the human condition.
Reading Assignment:
Our next discussion will cover up to and including chapter 25 of the story, which is entitled 'Hotaru' or 'Fireflies'. As you move deeper into the heart of the story, take note of your impressions and let us know how you're finding the experience.
Questions for You:
1) What are you impressions of The Tale of Genji thus far?
2) What do you make of Lady Murasaki's characters?
3) What would be your criteria for the perfect partner?
4) What are the chief obstacles of Genji? And what are the joys?
If this is your first reading of The Tale of Genji, I would love to know how the story is meeting your expectations. If this is a reread for you, what is it like returning to the story? And please do share with us your favourite passage from the beginning of the story.
Happy reading, everybody!
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